TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION OF URDU VERSION OF BRIEF DISSOCIATIVE EXPERIENCE SCALE FOR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER IN PAKISTAN

Keywords: Linguistic validation; Dissociation; Substance use disorder; Validity; Reliability; Urdu version.

Abstract

Objective
Dissociation is a ubiquitous construct in psychology and is of high clinical relevance. The objective of this study was to translate and validate the Brief Dissociative Experience Scale (DES-B) in the Urdu language for individuals with substance use disorder (SUD).
Design
This was a cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study
The study was conducted with a sample of 200 individuals with SUD aged 18 and above from drug rehabilitation centres across Pakistan between July to November 2023.
Methods
This study utilized a rigorous procedure of Mapi guidelines for translation and validation of DES-B. The validation of DES-B was determined through confirmatory factor analysis.
Results
The data was analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software and factor structure, internal consistency, composite reliability, and convergent validity of the scale were determined. Of the 200 participants, 79.0% were male. The mean age of the participants was 30.61 years (SD = 8.87) with a range between 18 to 65. The findings indicated a good model fit for a one-factor structure with 8 items (χ²/df = 2.61, p < 0.00, RMSEA = 0.089, CFI = 0.908, GFI = 0.944). Moreover, the composite reliability (CR = .77), convergent validity (AVE = .31), and internal consistency (α =.76) showed favorable results. Overall, the Urdu version of DES-B demonstrated acceptable results in terms of the construct’s validity and reliability.
Conclusion
The Urdu version of DES-B can be used as a reliable and valid tool to assess dissociative experiences in individuals with SUD suitable for research and clinical settings.


Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
2. Cardeña E, Carlson E. Acute stress disorder revisited. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 2011 Apr 27; 7:245-67. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032210-104502
3. Kleindienst N, Priebe K, Görg N, Dyer A, Steil R, Lyssenko L, Winter D, Schmahl C, Bohus M. State dissociation moderates’ response to dialectical behavior therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in women with and without borderline personality disorder. European journal of psychotraumatology. 2016 Dec 1;7(1):30375. doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v7.30375
4. Bae H, Kim D, Park YC. Dissociation predicts treatment response in eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing for posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 2016 Jan 1;17(1):112-30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/15299732.2015.1037039
5. La Mela C, Maglietta M, Castellini G, Amoroso L, Lucarelli S. Dissociation in eating disorders: relationship between dissociative experiences and binge-eating episodes. Comprehensive psychiatry. 2010 Jul 1;51(4):393-400.
6. Mula M, Pini S, Preve M, Masini M, Giovannini I, Cassano GB. Clinical correlates of depersonalization symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder. Journal of affective disorders. 2009 May 1;115(1-2):252-6.
7. Parlar M, Frewen PA, Oremus C, Lanius RA, McKinnon MC. Dissociative symptoms are associated with reduced neuropsychological performance in patients with recurrent depression and a history of trauma exposure. European Journal of Psychotraumatology. 2016 Dec 1;7(1):29061.
8. Lyssenko L, Schmahl C, Bockhacker L, Vonderlin R, Bohus M, Kleindienst N. Dissociation in psychiatric disorders: a meta-analysis of studies using the dissociative experiences scale. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2018 Jan 1;175(1):37-46.
9. Sideli L, Di Forti M, Ferraro L, Montana S, Tripoli G, Quattrone D, Colizzi M, La Barbera D, La Cascia C. The relationship between dissociative experiences and cannabis use: a systematic review. Current Addiction Reports. 2019 Mar 15; 6:21-33.
10. Evren C, Umut G, Alniak I, Carkci O, Karabulut V, Cetin T, Agachanli R. Relationship linking ADHD symptoms with severe dissociative experiences and PTSD symptoms in a sample of inpatients with alcohol use disorder. Heroin Addiction and Related Clinical Problems. 2016 Aug 1;18(4):11-8.
11. Dalenberg CJ, Brand BL, Gleaves DH, Dorahy MJ, Loewenstein RJ, Cardena E, Frewen PA, Carlson EB, Spiegel D. Evaluation of the evidence for the trauma and fantasy models of dissociation. Psychological bulletin. 2012 May;138(3):550.
12. Lanius RA, Vermetten E, Loewenstein RJ, Brand B, Schmahl C, Bremner JD, Spiegel D. Emotion modulation in PTSD: Clinical and neurobiological evidence for a dissociative subtype. American journal of psychiatry. 2010 Jun 1;167(6):640-7.
13. Webber HE, Kessler DA, Lathan EC, Wardle MC, Green CE, Schmitz JM, Lane SD, Vujanovic AA. Posttraumatic stress symptom clusters differentially predict late positive potential to cocaine imagery cues in trauma-exposed adults with cocaine use disorder. Drug and alcohol dependence. 2021 Oct 1; 227:108929.
14. Chana SM, Wolford-Clevenger C, Faust A, Hemberg J, Ramaswamy M, Cropsey K. Associations among betrayal trauma, dissociative posttraumatic stress symptoms, and substance use among women involved in the criminal legal system in three US cities. Drug and alcohol dependence. 2021 Oct 1; 227:108924.
15. Centanni SW, Bedse G, Patel S, Winder DG. Driving the downward spiral: Alcohol‐induced dysregulation of extended amygdala circuits and negative affect. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2019 Oct;43(10):2000-13.
16. Dalenberg C, Carlson E. Severity of dissociative symptoms—Adult (Brief dissociative experiences scale [DES-B]—Modified for DSM-5). Available from: https://www.psychiatry.org/File%20Library/Psychiatrists/Practice/DSM/APA_DSM5_Severity-of-Dissociative-Symptoms-Adult.pdf
17. Sousa VD, Rojjanasrirat W. Translation, adaptation and validation of instruments or scales for use in cross‐cultural health care research: a clear and user‐friendly guideline. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice. 2011 Apr;17(2):268-74.
18. Muzaffar H, Iftikhar N, Khan MS, Malik SN. Development of articulation screening tool to assess the articulation errors in Urdu speaking school going children. UMT Education Review. 2019 May 20;2(1):23-37.
19. Kamran M. Implementation of Urdu in Pakistan: Important facts. Daryaft. 2019 Jun 1;21(21).
20. Lee Y, Sohng KY. Translation and Cross-Cultural Validation of Korean Version of the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. SAGE Open. 2020 Aug;10(3):2158244020951550.
21. Acquadro C, Conway K, Giroudet C, Mear I. Linguistic validation manual for health outcome assessments. Mapi Institute; 2012.
22. Myers ND, Ahn S, Jin Y. Sample size and power estimates for a confirmatory factor analytic model in exercise and sport: A Monte Carlo approach. Research quarterly for exercise and sport. 2011 Sep 1;82(3):412-23.
23. Dalenberg C, Carlson E. New versions of the Dissociative Experiences Scale: The DES-R (revised) and the DES-B (brief). Inannual meeting of the International Society for traumatic stress studies, November, Montreal, Quebec 2010 Nov.
24. Yusoff MS, Arifin WN, Hadie SN. ABC of Questionnaire Development and Validation for Survey Research. Education in Medicine Journal. 2021 Mar 1;13(1).
25. Meydan CH, Sesen H. Structural equation modeling AMOS applications. Ankara: Detay Publishing. 2011.
26. Hidayat R, Zamri SN, Zulnaidi H. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of achievement goals for Indonesian students in mathematics education programmes. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education. 2018 Oct 24;14(12):em1648.
27. Gebremedhin M, Gebrewahd E, Stafford LK. Validity and reliability study of clinician attitude towards rural health extension program in Ethiopia: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. BMC Health Services Research. 2022 Dec;22(1):1-0.
28. Farooqi R, Shahid A. Adaptation and validation of substance use risk profile scale for Pakistani population. JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association. 2022 Dec 1;72(12):2473-6.
29. dos Santos PM, Cirillo MÂ. Construction of the average variance extracted index for construct validation in structural equation models with adaptive regressions. Communications in Statistics-Simulation and Computation. 2023 Apr 3;52(4):1639-50.
30. Hair JF. Multivariate data analysis. 2009 Feb. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311573712_Multivariate_Data_Analysis
31. Cho E. Making reliability reliable: A systematic approach to reliability coefficients. Organizational research methods. 2016 Oct;19(4):651-82.
32. Shrestha N. Factor analysis as a tool for survey analysis. American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics. 2021 Jan 20;9(1):4-11.
33. Yan Q, Li D, Yin X, Jiang N, Sun N, Luo Q, Pang X, Fan L, Gong Y. Development and validation of a maternal anxiety for neonatal jaundice scale in China. BMC psychiatry. 2022 Dec;22(1):1-9.
34. Černis E, Evans R, Ehlers A, Freeman D. Dissociation in relation to other mental health conditions: An exploration using network analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research. 2021 Apr 1;136:460-7.
35. Loewenstein RJ. Dissociation debates: Everything you know is wrong. Dialogues in clinical neuroscience. 2018 Sep 30;20(3):229-42.
36. Lyssenko L, Schmahl C, Bockhacker L, Vonderlin R, Bohus M, Kleindienst N. Dissociation in psychiatric disorders: a meta-analysis of studies using the dissociative experiences scale. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2018 Jan 1;175(1):37-46.
37. Nelson S, Burns M, Kaczynski K. Dissociative symptoms in youth with chronic pain: Worthy of future investigation?. Pediatric pain letter. 2021 Oct;23(3):45.
38. Şar V. The many faces of dissociation: opportunities for innovative research in psychiatry. Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience. 2014 Dec;12(3):171.
39. Lee SY. Structural Equation Modeling. John Wiley & Sons; 2007.
40. Kyriazos TA. Applied psychometrics: The application of CFA to multitrait-multimethod matrices (CFA-MTMM). Psychology. 2018 Nov 9;9(12):2625-48.
Published
2024-09-28
How to Cite
1.
Asif M, Rafique R. TRANSLATION AND VALIDATION OF URDU VERSION OF BRIEF DISSOCIATIVE EXPERIENCE SCALE FOR SUBSTANCE USE DISORDER IN PAKISTAN. J Pak Psychiatr Soc [Internet]. 2024Sep.28 [cited 2024Dec.21];21(03). Available from: https://jpps.pk/index.php/journal/article/view/318